Orientalism

Identify any 5 concepts related Orientalismfrom the interview of Edward Said.

Here is my response,

1 )The central argument of Orientalism is that the way that we acquire this knowledge is not innocent or objective but the end result of a process that reflects certain interests. That is, it is highly motivated. Specifically Said argues that the way the West, Europe and the U.S. looks at the countries and peoples of the Middle East is through a lens that distorts the actual reality of those places and those people. He calls this lens through which we view that part of the world Orientalism, a framework that we use to understand the unfamiliar and the strange; to make the peoples of the Middle East appear different and threatening

2 ) Mainly ‘other’ is questioned here. It ultimately a point to question. The issue that focus on real concern at least for other.

3 ) Edward Said said that he comes instead with an enormous army of soldiers but also scientists, Botanists, Architects, Philologists, Biologists, Historians, whose job it was to record Egypt in every conceivable way. And produce a kind of scientific survey of Egypt, Which was designed, not for the Egyptian but for the European.

4 ) "Orientalism" is widely used in art to refer to the works of the many Western 19th-century artists, who specialized in "Oriental" subjects, often drawing on their travels to Western Asia.


5)  Orientalism dates from the period of European Enlightenment and colonization of the Arab World. Orientalism provided a rationalization for European colonialism based on a self-serving history in which “the West” constructed “the East” as extremely different and inferior, and therefore in need of Western intervention or “rescue."

Thank you

OD : 2 Online Discussion: Oneness of Literature

Oneness Of Literature

Online Discussion: Oneness of Literature

This Blog is a part of classroom activities in which students have to interpret two works one is T.S.Eliot's 'Wasteland' and another is the story ' The Joke' by Anton Chekhov.

T.S. Eliot's view ~

His work Tradition and individual talent, it's reflected to maximum influence of writer's past and experiences.
He said that no poets, artist of any art and has complete meaning alone, his appreciation is the application of his relationship with dead poets.

Northrop Fray view ~

His theory of Archetypal criticism that shows whole literature has oneness of it's existence and all share commonly.

'The West Land' by T.S.Eliot and Anton Chekhov's short story 'A Joke' we also find oneness of literature.

In The West Land we find this lines are connected with Chekhov's short story.

'And when we were children
 Staying at the archduke's
                            My cousin's he
 Took me out on a sled and
 I was frightened. He said Marie
 Marie hold on tight and
 Down we went.
           In the mountains there
           You feel free.'

This stanza shows the girl Marie's feeling like nostalgic and her experience for going to the mountain over the sled. She felt afraid but she got courage from his cousin. He gives her strength and she feels free.

Similarly we find in the short story 'A Joke' the same situation and incident in a girl Nadia.

She also feel like same situation in The West Land, she afraid like girl Marie. But she interest for sled and she doing it again and again.  During that time she felt that someone said her "I Love You Nadia". She confused that she thinks that it is reality or illusion. But after she realize that it's her illusion. No one speak that type of words.
So hear we can find the oneness between the poem and short story.




Translation of the story :

"A joke" by Anton Chekhov is translated in Gujrati language. It is published in the Gujrat Samachar Newspaper. The title of this story is " Nankdi Majak". Because it translated into Gujrati. This story has lost its charm. Also in the Gujrati story few lines are not translated :


(We coasted down for the third time and I saw her watching my face and following the movements of my lips with her eyes. But I put my handkerchief to my mouth and coughed, and when we were half-way down) ( A joke )

So the translation of any work lost its  original  charm after translation. The same thing happens here.  writer has not translated well also  the few words lost their charm after the  translation.

Thank you. ......

OD1 : Mario Vargas Llosa's interviw

ONLINE DISCUSSION ON LLOSA'S IDEAS :~

Mario Vargas Llosa, the Peruvian novelist and awarded the Nobel prize for literature in 2010. He was interviewed for the WorldPost by Skafidas a journalist and professor at City University of New York.

Here are some ideas which I like the most from the interview.


1)"If you respect literature you must accept not only the very idealist, altruist vision of human beings but also the infernal vision of them."

2)Georges Bataille said that in human beings, there are angels and devils. Sometimes the angels are important, but for literature, devils are important too.Literature is a testimony of what we want to hide in the real word.

3)Sartre’s ideas — that words are acts and that you write things that could make a difference in history or solve problems.

4)words are the main tools through we can create the history or make a difference in history or we can solve the problems. Writing is a main idea through which we can create a different kind of society, which is more freer, more liberal. Those were very influential ideas for a young writer.

5) history and literature both are very closely from each other, they are different faces of a coin. The literary version of a historical part prevails over a historian's account. Literature is also close to living experiences.


Thank you. ....

Thinking Activity : To The Lighthouse

Thinking Activity : To The Lighthouse

         

To the Lighthouse" is a 1927 novel by Virginia Woolf. The novel centres on the Ramsay family and their visits to the Isle of Skye in Scotland between 1910 and 1920.

1). How can you explain that 'what' Virginia Woolf wanted to say (for example, the complexity of human relationship, the everyday battles that people are at in their relationship with near and dear ones, the struggle of a female artist against the values of middle/upper class society etc) can only be said in the way she has said? (Key: The 'How' of the narrative technique is to be discussed along with features of Stream of Consciousness technique which helps Woolf to put in effective manner what she experienced in abstractions.)

 Ans : ~ Virginia Woolf use the modernism in her novel To The Lighthouse. She expressed her all the characters very well. She also use some autobiographical element here. She use stream of consciousness.
She present here complexity of human relationship between Mrs. And Mr. Ramsay. Lily Briscoe a female artist struggle a lot . In her era people think that women cannot write or paint. She also face the struggle with Mrs . Ramsay and Charles Tansley . Through this Woolf presented the situation of women  in that era. She wrote her all work very critical way. She made satire on her character and doing critical thinking which that times man cannot do. She also present patriarchy and gender difference here.


2) Do you agree: "The novel is both the tribute and critique of Mrs. Ramsay"? Can we read Mrs. R in context of the idea of Ideal Indian Woman - ( Karyeshu dasi, Karaneshu manthri; Bhojeshu mata, Shayaneshu rambha; Kshamayeshu dharithri, Roopeshu lakshmi; Satkarma yukta, Kuladharma pathni. )

Ans : ~ Ye, we can say that the novel is a tribute and critique of Mrs. Ramsay, because from the very beginning of the novel we can observe her character that she is very caring and kind hearted housewife and mother but when we see Mrs Ramsay with the perspective of Lily Brisco we can say that her good behaviour is not natural. She has considered as an ideal woman because she fits in frame of patriarchal mindset. In the painting of Lily we can see that Mrs Ramsay is at the centre of the painting and summer house but she is knitting (ideal housewife) and guiding her child (ideal mother), Mrs Ramsay's character goes downward from controlling position to a mere housewife.
Yes we can read Mrs. R in context of the idea of Ideal Indian Woman as she follows all the rules of wife which has designed by patriarchy.


3) Considering symbolically, does the Lighthouse stand for Mrs. Ramsay or the narrator (Virginia Woolf herself who is categorically represented by Lily)? (Key: Take help from the presentation on Symbolism to connect Mrs. Caroline Ramsay with Lighthouse. Secondly, the narrator / author cannot fully disappear from the novel and thus the stoicism of Lily to paint and thus prove that she can paint, is symbolically presented in stoicism of Lighthouse. Read 'lighthouse' symbol from presentation slide with this insight to connect lighthouse with the narrator. Give your concluding remarks in the comment below in this blog )
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Ans : ~ Lighthous is a symbol for giving light to everyone, guide to everyone who is lost. In the novel Mrs. Ramsay play role like lighthouse. She takes care of husband, tells stories every afternoon to James that he grew well and that’s why James loves mother and hates father. She also advises Lily to Marry. She also takes care of other who comes there. It is she who was spirit of house and that why everyone miss her after her death. So lighthouse symbolically suggests Mrs. Ramsay.



4) In the article by Joseph Blotner, two myths are patterned together. Name the myths? How they are zeroed down to the symbols of 'Window' and 'Lighthouse'? How does the male phallic symbol represent feminine Mrs. Ramsay?

 Ans: ~ In literature there is always myth behind the story /novel. In The Lighthouse also has myth behind it.

Myth of Demeter:-
In this novel there was a myth of Demeter and her daughter zeus. This symbolize mother and daughter relationship. Here in the novel it symbolize relationship between Mrs Ramsay and her daughter. Demeter is Goddess of fertility. So she also presented by character of mrs. Ramsay and her children.

Myth of Uranus:-
This present the mother son relationship in the novel. Mrs. Ramsay always care for her child . She always give them company and love. In myth of Uranus , mother inspire her son to kill the father so here the character of James is like him who wants to kill his father.

5) What do you understand by the German term 'Künstlerroman'? How can you justify that 'To The Lighthouse' is 'Künstlerroman' novel?

Ans : ~ The term Kunstlerroman mean artist's novel. It may be classifieds as a specific subgener of Bildungsroman. In this the central character is an artist of any kind.

The novel Lighthouse is also like Kunstlerroman . Character of Lily was an artist. She always facing problem as an artist in the novel.Mrs. Ramsay and Charles Tansley doesn't like to watch her as a artist. But she do it still the end of the novel. She complete her painting of mrs. Ramsay.Woolf also symbolized her character with this.


6 ) Lily' Dilemma in the novel  " To the Lighthouse ."


Ans : ~    As we all knows that Lily's character represents the biographical image. She always talk about the independent life. According to her there is no need of man.  In short Lily's thoughts remains totally vice versa from the thoughts of  Mrs. Ramsay. But at the end she constantly thinks about Mrs. Ramsay. In a way she also wants to be like her. Because she realizes that Mrs. Ramsay remains in everyone's heart even after her death.


7 ) You have compared the 'beginning' and the 'ending' of the novel and the film adaptation of the novel directed by Colin Gregg. Do you think that the novel is more poignant than the movie? If yes, do you ascribe the fact that the power of words is much greater than that of the screen / visuals?


Ans : ~   Yes,  there are a few difference between the novel and a movie. In the movie most of the scene runs faster compared to the novel. The another different is comes in the end. In the novel Lily just puts her brush. While in a movie she goes upstairs and start talking with herself.


   In a movie it becomes little bit difficult to understand. Whereas the technique, parentheses of the novel helps reader in the understanding.


8 ) Ho do you interpret the last line of the novel ?


   Ans : ~  In the end of the novel she feels fatigue. But she is now happy too. She thinks that she has now got the artistic vision. Which she was wanted. We can interpret that she considers herself as a winner against the Mrs. Ramsay and Charles Transley. How independent life gives her good vision.


    But in the movie after completing the painting she goes upstairs and and consider herself as a fool. She was thinking that without this family life, she can live the life easily. But now it becomes difficult for her to live alone. And she starts thinking to be like Mrs. Ramsay.


9) What does the catalogue named as 'Army and Navy' signify? What does cutting of 'Refrigerator'  signify?

Ans : ~ Refrigerator uses for keeping the things as it is. and in novel also through the symbol of refrigerator, writer suggests that the protagonist of the novel Mrs.Ramsay tries to preserve the things. She always tries to preserve the refine form of culture as it is her responsibility. It is suggestion to James from Mrs. Ramsay to cut refrigerator from the catalog of Army and Navy. Refrigerator also one kind of technology and technology itself a symbol of constantly change and improving so , it also stands for improving human culture.


10) Why did Virginia give such prominence to the tale of the “Fisherman’s Wife”?

Ans : ~  The tale of "Fisherman’s Wife is connected with the character of Mrs. Ramsay as well as Mr. Ramsay, because Woolf is subverting the misogyny of fairytale for example the male characters are behaving like fisherman's wife, they have wishes which are not fulfilled in a way they wants and that unsatisfied desires leads them towards failure. Mrs Ramsay is more successful in her work than Mr. Ramsay and Lily Brisco is better in her profession than Charles Tansley. Fairytale shows the dangers of male willfulness and desires.


11) How is India represented in 'To The Lighthouse'?


 Ans : ~    First time it represent the patriarchal discourse through the character of Mrs. Ramsay- As a ideal lady.


         So many times  we hear about the prosperity of the India. So most of the time India portrayed as a land of pearls.


            We can interpret that Augustus Carmichael refers India as a land of peace. We can connect this thing with the T. S. Eliot' s  The Waste Land too.

Thank you.....

MOVIE REVIEW OF CHARLIE CHAPLIN'S 'THE MODERN TIME' AND THE GREAT "DICTATOR"

Movie review of charlie chaplin's.

1) The modern time.
2) The great "Dictator".

1) The modern time.

       

     

Charlie Chaplin Modern Times Several years into the Great Depression, which left millions unemployed, Chaplin made a very important film called Modern Times (1936) during a time where there were many strikes and protests in America as wages were low and unemployment was sky high.

You are about to see a clip from Chaplin's film "Modern Times". Think about what the message is underneath the jokes in the scene .

https://youtu.be/n_1apYo6-Ow

2) The great "Dictator".

Aspar of study of Modern literature.we have seen this two movie like The Modern time and The Great Dictator by Charlie Chapline.this two movie based on socio political satire and also financial condition of modern people.

The beginning of second world war,W.H Auden poem September 1,1939.The great dictator Adolf Hitler and other great dictator Hynkel.both have conflict between two communities Jews and Aryans. this movie starts with war scenes and also political satire. whole movie political satire of figure  and speech of action. world war time Hitler ruled over all innocence people.

     Hitler also ruled over Jewish and  Barber people.charlie display  dual roll in this movie.Nation is great but other people  suffering also a lot.this people suffer a amnesia (Psychologically trauma) short memory in 20th century.

      In the end of the movie ,we see one dictetor  give to very good  speech in all gathering people.he also talk about unity and democracy.he give to speech about to awakning people to modern era.

           so, both movie connected with modern proud.

Thank you.

Ideal Teacher and Ideal student.

ELT Task : Write about Ideal student and Ideal Teacher : -

Students : ~

           

Ideal students are not born ideal or perfect. They are nurtured to become ideal by their parents and teachers. The environment at home has a great impact on the way a student performs in school Teachers also play a significant role in the same. However, the parents and teachers can only guide a student and it ultimately depends on how driven he himself is. 

What makes a Student Ideal?

     These students pay attention in the class and try to grasp as much as they can in their classroom sessions. They do not hesitate asking questions in the class to clarify their doubts. They make sure they study all that is done in the class each day as they go home. They keep things organized They do not only try to do well academically but also take part in other activities such as sports, debate competitions, art and craft activities and more. They take initiatives and give their best shot. They do not give up onx.

  The Ideal Teacher :~

The ideal teacher would always look out for their students, no matter what the situation is. He or she should treat their students as if there was their own kids. Teachers needs to understand their students well enough, and should build a strong relationship with each other. So that positive things can work out for the better and fall into place. Every student is totally different, and each student have their own problems in every classrooms. It's very important for teachers to be there for their students, and some students needs a lot of help in different areas. The ideal teacher knows what are the requirements are in each and every student in the classrooms. Some students needs individual help after school. An ideal teacher will provide extra help in anyway possible. It's very important to have students participate in classrooms activities like read out loud; This builds up educational skills for the future.             An ideal teacher really needs to motivate their students to work hard in class. An ideal teacher will always encourage students, and inspire their students to do the right thing in life. He or she should make students feel real comfortable and confident in the classrooms as possible. In order for students to reach their dreams in life they need to have confidence. Teachers all over the United States don't push their students hard enough in the classrooms.              A perfect teacher will always challenge their students to go the extra mile. The reason being is the students can't stay on the same level all the time. They have to gradually move up to advance levels. Students these days have so much problems going on with their personal life, and there school work. It's very important for teachers to be very patient towards their students, and give them time to think and relax. The teachers is the one who teaches students about making the right decisions in life. Teachers needs to start enhancing students creativity.

Movie of Review: " Matilda"

               

                                                                                              6th July Department of English  organised   movie screening Matilda.
                                                                                       

Matilda. It’s a little girl with an incredible talent and a bright mind. It happens that she was born and raised in the most disgusting family a child could get. Her parents have no college degree, lie to people, having a business where they sell overpriced cars with stolen parts. In the meantime, they have no morals whatsoever and have no intention to change it. Having Matilda in the house was somewhat unplanned. When she becomes six and half years old, her parents don’t even notice it, thinking she is still four. But that was not the only thing they did not know about their own flesh and blood…

It’s quite funny following Matilda from the first day she was born. You could tell by looking at her little eyes that she is special. Her uniqueness soon comes out when at the age of four she demands from her parents Harry and Zinnia (Danny DeVito and Rhea Perlman) to buy her a book. As you can imagine, they have acknowledged Matilda’s sense of humor and the only answer they give is – indifferent laughter. Since her parents leave the house for the rest of the day, the girl decides to go to the library where in no time she learns more than any adult would learn in one lifetime.

As the story unfolds, Harry and Zinnia get annoyed by smartness of Matilda and decide to punish her. But the reason Harry gives Matilda for being punished gives an idea to Matilda in her future plan to teach her parents a lesson. Annoyed by Matilda’s smartness and wiseness, Harry makes a deal with one of his client, Agatha Trunchbull, the oppressive principal of Crunchem Hall Elementary School where kids feel themselves like they’re in prison. But from the first day Matilda gets challenged by evil Trunchbull, but since she has her telekinesis gift and is super smart, Matilda becomes the favorite not only for children, but her teacher as well who has a sweet last name, Miss Honey.

Matilda directed by Danny DeVito, who portrays a crooked man Harry, Matilda’s father. It’s amusing to see how after so many years the film despite getting older does not lose its charm. Right from the beginning, if you already know what this movie is up to, it does a little to overload you, if at all. It creates a super funny environment, some hilarious scenes, and Mrs. Trunchbull, who you would never get tired of watching. Despite being an evil character, thanks to the brilliant performance of Pam Ferris who steals every scene she appears in, her commitment to the art is admiring as she turns herself into an ugly creature who terrorizes children.

In conclusion, Matilda is a movie you can watch any time and any day of the year. It’s a ridiculously funny movie you would feel happy to watch with the entire family. It’s simple, cute and absolutely adorable film that will be and is loved, most likely, by any family who ever got a chance to see it before. So if you feel by any chance, upset, sad or broken and looking for some positivity, Matildashould be your first and the only choice to bring your mood back on track.                                                                              

Movie review of : "lagan"

Film screeng of "lagaan".

15t August 2018, Department of English has organised the Movie screening. We seen Movie Lagaan. Generally we watch the movie for entertainment, As a English literature students. we have to watch movie with the help of various literary theories, approaches and different perspectives.

Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India is the one of the best Indian Epic sports-drama film, directed by Ashutosh Gowariker, produced by Aamir Khan and Mansoor Khan, and written byAshutosh Gowariker and Abbas Tyrewala. The film is set in the Victorian period of India's colonial British Raj. the film was shot in an ancient village near Bhuj, India. 

The movie deals with Superstition, Cast-ism, patriarchy, patriotism, love etc themes. The movie is opened with the temple which is indicated that there will be going on Hinduism and Caste system. Characters like Guran, Kachara etc are an example of the class conflicts. We can also find the feudalism in this movie.

1.) Patriotism
2.) Rural India
3.) Indeanness
4.) Teamwork and leadership
5.) Post colonialism
6.) Metaphor of cricket

    1.) patriotism :~

     in this film petriotism is there in "bhuvan" character but captain russell challanged to play cricket in order to 3 year not pay lagaan. But the other way we see that this challange not only for lagan but at bhuvan side he describe with the patriotism to play game and win ageinst british raj.

    2.) rural India : ~

                

               in lagaan movie ashutosh gowariker try to show the real village and there problems and talking style creat  old history and there old things are in this movie. and after win the match all are celebrate and start raining is enjoing all that moment and like recreact that original moment in this movie.

      3.) Indianness : ~

               

                   I saw in this movie lndian's myth ,villager are believing  in Radha- Krishna- Rukshmani ,so it is generally God of India. Its most of song attaching with god. We can see this movie all villager cloth and their living style as like lndian villager and this movie's one love song in Gauri compare herself with Radha and Bhuvan is Krishna ,so we can see triangle love story concept of Indian's God .

      4) Teamwork and Leadership :

                 

  In this movie protegonist character is Bhuvan. Bhuvan accepting the challenge to play the cricket match . Bhuvan simplified the challenge of learning cricket by portraying it as something similar to Gilli danda. Bhuvan also a strong leader ,he motivating the team members to take up challenge in the projects. Bhuvan show  person playing quality then he select for his teamwork. At last we can see teamwork and leadership are successful, they can be win the cricket match.

5) post colonialism

      

  The effect of post colonialism is still present among Indians. In this movie, there is colonial game cricket which was played by Indians. There is strong impact of the Britisher over the mind of the lndians.Even we can see villager are not able to play this game.

6) Metaphor of cricket :

               



             We can see this movie cricket match is metaphor because Champaner's player to play cricket match ,they are not play for enjoyment but they think that ball and bat like their weapons through fight with Britisher. They are want to be free from Lagaan ,so they can be live happily without Tax .

We can see this image through villager feel  like rest from all struggle.

               

    

                 

Poem 'Design' by Robert Frost

  • The meaning of "Design" by Robert Frost is that all things that men relate to within the universe have a certain type of evil within their innocence. The poem focuses around the way that all of humanity is necessarily cruel.

~ The first stanza of Frost's poem Design sets the scene and tone of the poem in its entirety. The poem begins innocently enough stating "I found a dimpled spider, fat and white." There is no apparent underlying meaning to this, just that the speaker happened to stumble upon a spider, a mere image. The second and third lines of the stanza continue to set the scene saying, "On a white heal-all, holding up a moth like a white piece of rigid satin cloth." Frost's use of the term rigid begins to shift the tone of the poem, as rigid carries a cadaverous connotation. The tone darkens further as Frost refers to the scene in the next line as "Assorted characters of death and blight." Here, as the spider is the main player in the scene described, Frost characterizes the spider as a "character" with evil intentions. Frost continues this notion in the following two lines saying "Mixed ready to begin the morning right, like the ingredients of a witches broth." Frost's referral to the spider's work as "the ingredients of a witch's broth" implies that the spider's ritual is very methodical, yet done with some form of wicked pleasure. Frost easily could have referred to the spider's "morning right" as a sort of recipie. However, his comparisons of the spider's morning ritual to that of a "witch's broth" furthers the evil connection. Frost ends the stanza outlines the "ingredients" of said "broth" listing "A snow-drop spider, a flower like a froth, and dead wings carried like a paper kite." This image of "dead wings" cements the idea that the intentions of the spider are of a malevolent nature and thus resentful.

 ~ The second stanza of his poem reveals Frost's underlying meaning. He asks three pointed questions: "What had that flower to do with being white, the wayside blue and innocent heal-all? What brought the kindred spider to that height, then steered the white moth thither in the night? What but design of darkness to appall? If design govern a thing so small." These questions, while seemingly referring to the scene of the spider and its prey, boil down to the poem's underlying meaning: How can evil exist in a world if the world in it's entirety is governed by God? Delving deeper, one can see that this question informs the first stanza as well as the last. The spider, initially described as being white, the color of innocence, reveals itself wicked. Frost uses the image of this white spider on a "white heal-all" as a metaphor for the evil that is tarnishing the world that is supposedly created in God's image. That is to say, Frost uses the "white heal-all" as a metaphor for the world as created in God's image, the moth being included in this supposedly innate innocence, while the spider represents the malevolence hidden within it. The choice of flower, a "white heal-all," further adds a layer of irony as death is occurring on a flower with medicinal capabilities. This irony further informs the metaphor, and this the meaning of this image. Frost ultimately asks whether God could really be governing the actions of this spider, a minutia in the world as a whole. If God does not govern this workings of this spider, who is to say that God governs and oversees the workings of people? The spider and the moth, then, both represent peoples in the world, the flower representing the Earth. This idea begins to counter all notions of God we have, that perhaps God is not really looking over our every action. Perhaps people are as minute in his eyes as the spider: something to be overlooked

  ~This blog is a part of my classroom activity in which first we have to draw a picture related nature then our task is to read the poem "Design" and draw a picture about what you understand or imagine from the poem.
• This is my 1st Drawing related nature.